|
|
| (не показана 41 промежуточная версия этого же участника) |
| Строка 1: |
Строка 1: |
| − | [[Category:Моделирование карт]] | + | [[Category:Моделирование рельефа]] |
| − | [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_elevation_model#Sources [[Aster]] instrument of the Terra satellite is also freely available for 99% of the globe, and represents elevation at 30 meter resolution... When land topography and bathymetry is combined, a truly Global Relief Model is obtained... ALOS provides since 2016 a global 1-arc second DSM free of charge... OpenTopography is a community access resource of high-resolution] | + | = Data = |
| | + | [https://github.com/openterrain/openterrain/wiki/Terrain-Data free terrain data for anywhere in the world] |
| | + | |
| | + | [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_elevation_model#Sources [[aw:Aster]] instrument of the Terra satellite is also freely available for 99% of the globe, and represents elevation at 30 meter resolution... When land topography and bathymetry is combined, a truly Global Relief Model is obtained... ALOS provides since 2016 a global 1-arc second DSM free of charge... OpenTopography is a community access resource of high-resolution] |
| | | | |
| | http://www.opendem.info | | http://www.opendem.info |
| − | = Earth2014 = | + | == [[aw:Category:Elevation api]] == |
| − | The Earth2014 global topography and relief model [17] provides layered topography grids at 1 arc-minute resolution. Other than [[SRTM30 PLUS|SRTM30plus]], [[#Earth2014]] provides information on ice-sheet heights and bedrock (that is, topography below the ice) over Antarctica and Greenland
| |
| − | | |
| − | [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Relief_Model#Earth2014_.282015.29 Earth2014 provides five different layers of height data, comprising Earth’s surface (lower interface of the atmosphere), topography and bathymetry of the oceans and major lakes, topography, bathymetry and bedrock, ice-sheet thicknesses and rock-equivalent topography. The Earth2014 global grids are provided as heights relative to the mean sea level] | |
| − | | |
| − | [http://ddfe.curtin.edu.au/models/Earth2014/Hirt_Rexer2015_Earth2014.pdf freely available via http://ddfe.curtin.edu.au/models/Earth2014/]
| |
| − | | |
| − | [http://ddfe.curtin.edu.au/models/Earth2014/Hirt_Rexer2015_Earth2014.pdf While the previously described relief models provide elevations of the topography or bedrock with respect to the mean sea level, shape models represent the geometry of the planet via the planetary radius (i.e., distances Pr between the geocenter and the surface points). As such, relief and shape models differ by the sum of (a) the ellipsoidal radius, and (b) the geoid height, with the latter being an approximation of the separation between the mean sea level and the ellipsoid surface... Geoid undulations N were obtained from the EGM96 geopotential model (Lemoine et al. 1998)... We note that the choice of the geoid model is not too much a concern for global relief modelling, given the differences between present geoid models are mostly at or less the 1m‐level... Earth2014 is formally independent from ETOPO1... Given that ETOPO1 is based on a 2008 measured/estimated 2 arc‐min bathymetry grid by Scripps Institution of Oceanography... RET represents ice and water masses as mass‐equivalent layers of rock, based on the mass compression procedure]
| |
| − | | |
| − | [http://ddfe.curtin.edu.au/models/Earth2014/readme_earth2014.dat a constant value of 6,371,000 m has been subtracted from all shape models... land types as follows: 0 - land topography above mean sea level (MSL), 1 - land topography below MSL, 2 - ocean bathymetry, 3 - inland lake, bedrock above MSL, 4 - inland lake, bedrock below MSL, 5 - ice cover, bedrock above MSL, 6 - ice cover, bedrock below MSL, 7 - ice shelf, 8 - ice covered lake (Vostok).]
| |
| − | | |
| − | = Ground heights =
| |
| − | * by [[USGS]] in SRTMv4 - 90m, in SRTM DLR - 25m.
| |
| − | ** [http://www.opendem.info/srtm_contours.html contours]
| |
| − | * by [[Aster]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | = Sea depths =
| |
| − | [http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/first-complete-map-ocean-floor-stirring-controversial-waters-180963993/#jj5o3L2xV8reV7dY.99 To map some 140 million square miles of sea floor, the Seabed 2030 project is currently recruiting around 100 ships that will circumscribe the globe for 13 years. The team, united under the non-profit group General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans ([[GEBCO]])]
| |
| − | | |
| − | == Seafloor gravity maps ==
| |
| − | [http://topex.ucsd.edu/grav_outreach/index.html#grid Global Map of Marine Gravity]
| |
| − | | |
| − | [https://io9.gizmodo.com/explore-the-worlds-most-detailed-map-of-the-seafloor-r-1642315933 Explore The World's Most Detailed Map Of The Seafloor, Released Today Robbie Gonzalez 10/03/14 8:00p]
| |
| − | | |
| − | [https://www.wired.com/2014/10/science-graphic-week-super-detailed-interactive-3-d-sea-floor-map/ super-detailed map of the ocean floor’s topography is based on satellite measurements of subtle lumps on the ocean’s surface. These lumps of water, which are subtle, low, and wide on the ocean’s surface, are caused by the gravitational pull of underwater features like mountains and ridges. The team of scientists wrapped their data around a globe built with the Javascript library Cesium]
| |
| − | | |
| − | == from Google ==
| |
| − | [[wikipedia:Google Earth#Water and ocean|Introduced in Google Earth 5.0 in 2009, the Google Ocean feature allows users to zoom below the surface of the ocean and view the 3D bathymetry. Supporting over 20 content layers, it contains information from leading scientists and oceanographers... In June 2011, Google increased the resolution of some deep ocean floor areas from 1-kilometer grids to 100 meters.[27] The high-resolution features were developed by oceanographers at Columbia University's Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory from scientific data collected on research cruises.]]
| |
| − | == shelfs ==
| |
| − | * [[Ngdc]]
| |
| − | *: https://maps.ngdc.noaa.gov/viewers/bathymetry/ has 10 m depth contours from [[GEBCO]]_2014!!! [http://noaa.maps.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=4c54d9f15c654f949b0ffd0f18b11bf3 The GEBCO_2014 Grid does not contain detailed information in shallower water areas.]
| |
| − | ** [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Elevation.jpg from http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/image/2minrelief.html]
| |
| − | | |
| − | * [[USGS]] explorer shows shelfs with Google watermark.
| |
| − | | |
| − | * [http://www.npd.no/en/Maps/Map-of-the-NCS/ Map of the Norwegian continental shelf] - visual horizontals at 100м, 200м, 300м
| |
| | | | |
| − | == some regions == | + | == [[:Category:Водные пути]] == |
| − | [https://eos.org/project-updates/a-1-4-billion-pixel-map-of-the-gulf-of-mexico-seafloor A 1.4-Billion-Pixel Map of the Gulf of Mexico Seafloor] | + | реки в русской википедии имеют данные про водоток (исток, устье); расположение (притоки, населенные пункты) |
| | + | * Wikidata has 'river mouth', 'river source' coordinates |
| | + | * [[mw:Extension:Maps]] gives middle coordinates by geocoding |
| | + | * [http://pinedesk.a.willowdesk.info/project/rivers/ World Rivers visualization] on basis of [[aw:Natural Earth]] |
| | + | ** [http://www.naturalearthdata.com/http//www.naturalearthdata.com/download/10m/physical/ne_10m_lakes.zip lakes with rivers good] |
| | + | * [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cilician_Armenia-fr.svg Sources... Rivers : Demis] |
| | + | * [https://github.com/simonepri/geo-maps/blob/master/info/earth-rivers.md we first download the simplified shapefile of rivers polygons from the OpenStreetMapData page] - poor data but good idea |
